Exploring the Economic Effects of PMJAY on India's Elderly Community

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Executive Summary

India is undergoing a profound demographic transformation, with its elderly population set to double to 347 million by 2050, surpassing the number of children under 15. This shift presents both an opportunity and a challenge: on one hand, a longer life expectancy reflects improved healthcare and living standards; on the other, a rapidly aging population without a strong support system could lead to a national healthcare crisis.

Traditional family structures are changing, with nuclear families replacing joint households and migration leaving many elderly individuals without a safety net. Rising healthcare costs, inadequate insurance coverage, and limited access to quality care—especially in rural areas— threaten the well-being of millions of senior citizens. Without immediate action, India risks a surge in elderly poverty, increased pressure on public healthcare, and widening socioeconomic disparities.

Expanding Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) to cover all elderly citizens offers a

transformative solution. At present, only 18% of India’s elderly population has health

insurance, leaving millions exposed to catastrophic medical expenses. Nearly 70% of senior

citizens suffer from chronic conditions, yet many either delay treatment or deplete their

savings due to high out-of-pocket costs. Universalizing PMJAY would ease this financial burden, enhance access to quality healthcare, and ensure economic security for aging citizens. More than just a welfare measure, this expansion could boost economic productivity, reduce dependency ratios, and unlock the potential of the "silver economy."

A healthier aging population means fewer financial and emotional burdens on working-age

families, allowing them to remain active in the workforce. With increased investment in elderly care services, industries such as healthcare, pharmaceuticals, insurance, and assistive technology could experience unprecedented growth, creating jobs and driving economic expansion. Countries like Thailand and Japan have successfully integrated elderly healthcare with economic policy, demonstrating how investments in geriatric care can strengthen economies and enhance national well-being. India, too, can harness this opportunity by building an inclusive healthcare model that ensures dignity and security for its senior citizens.

To make this vision a reality, a phased policy approach is essential. Pilot programs in states

with the highest elderly populations can help test feasibility, followed by a nationwide rollout backed by sustainable financing models. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can bridge infrastructure gaps, while advancements in telemedicine and AI-driven predictive healthcare can make geriatric care more accessible, particularly in underserved areas. Ensuring that hospitals adhere to strict quality standards and anti-fraud mechanisms will be key to maintaining the integrity of an expanded PMJAY. Strategic integration with existing social welfare programs can create a comprehensive safety net, reducing fragmentation in elderly care policies.

The time to act is now. India stands at a crossroads—with its demographic dividend shrinking, the next decade will determine whether aging becomes a crisis or an opportunity. Universalizing PMJAY for senior citizens is not just a policy decision; it is a national imperative. Ensuring financial security, access to quality healthcare, and a thriving silver economy will not only protect our elderly but also strengthen the country’s economic and social fabric. India’s senior citizens have contributed a lifetime to the nation—it is now time for the nation to invest in them.

I. India’s Silver Surge: Challenges & Opportunities

This chapter explores India’s rapidly aging demographic, the healthcare challenges faced by the elderly, and the emerging economic opportunities within the silver economy. As the elderly population grows, addressing their healthcare needs while unlocking economic potential is essential for ensuring dignified aging and sustained economic growth.

A. Demographic Shift and Its Implications

India is experiencing a rapid demographic transition, with the elderly population (aged 60+)

projected to rise from 10.5% of the total population in 2022 to 20.8% by 2050, translating to an increase from 153 million to 347 million individuals. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) predicts that by 2046, India’s elderly population will surpass the number of children (0-15 years), underscoring the urgency to address the needs of older citizens.

Simultaneously, life expectancy is increasing, projected to reach 76.2 years for males and 79.8 years for females by 2050. Although rising longevity is a result of better living and healthcare conditions, it also puts an increasing strain on the financial and healthcare systems.

B. Rising Healthcare Needs and Financial Vulnerability

Aging is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic conditions, increased healthcare

expenditure, and limited insurance coverage, which cumulatively expose the elderly to financial vulnerability.

1. High Prevalence of Chronic Diseases:

Nearly 70% of India’s elderly suffer from chronic illnesses, with cardiovascular diseases and hypertension being the most common. Managing these conditions requires frequent medical attention, increasing the financial burden on elderly individuals and their families.

2. Escalating Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Healthcare Expenditure:

India’s OOP healthcare expenditure, which stood at 50.59% of total healthcare spending in FY2021, far exceeds the WHO’s recommended level of 15-20%. This disproportionately affects the elderly, often forcing them to deplete their savings or incur debt. Countries like Japan and South Korea, with OOP expenditures around 10-15%, demonstrate how robust public health systems can alleviate this burden.

3. The "Missing Middle":

Lack of Health Insurance Coverage: A significant portion of India’s

elderly falls into the “missing middle”—those who are neither covered by government-sponsored insurance schemes nor affluent enough to afford private insurance. With only 18% of the elderly having health insurance, the majority remain vulnerable to financial distress in the event of major medical expenses.

C. Barriers to Quality Healthcare

Despite advancements, access to quality healthcare remains limited for many elderly

individuals, particularly in rural areas.

1. Inadequate Healthcare Infrastructure:

India’s healthcare system struggles with a shortage of geriatric care facilities and inadequate infrastructure. The country has only 1.3 hospital beds per 1,000 population, compared to the WHO recommendation of 3 beds per 1,000. This scarcity is more pronounced in rural areas, where less than 30% of total hospital beds are available.

2. Rural-Urban Disparities:

Only 13% of the rural population has access to primary healthcare services. Rural areas face a shortage of hospitals, diagnostic centres, and trained healthcare professionals, leading to disparities in health outcomes compared to urban regions. Socioeconomic factors such as poverty, illiteracy, and poor transportation further hinder access to timely care.

D. Opportunities Emerging in the Silver Economy

India’s growing elderly population presents significant economic opportunities within the silver economy, a sector encompassing products, services, and innovations designed to meet the needs of senior citizens. Key growth areas include:

1. Senior-Centric Products and Services: Rising demand for elderly-friendly housing, mobility aids, and smart healthcare solutions is driving growth in industries catering to senior citizens.

2. Expansion of Geriatric Healthcare and Insurance: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)

such as diabetes and heart conditions are increasing among seniors, fuelling demand for

specialized geriatric healthcare, telemedicine, and affordable insurance plans.

3. Job Creation in Elderly Care Services: The silver economy is generating new employment opportunities, including roles for caregivers, physiotherapists, and geriatric specialists. Government initiatives like the Senior Care Ageing Growth Engine (SAGE) and skill development programs are strengthening this workforce.

4. Technological and Financial Innovations: Fintech companies are offering customized

banking and investment products for seniors, while AI-powered health monitoring systems,

robotic caregivers, and smart home solutions are enhancing independent living.

5. Senior-Friendly Tourism and Recreation: The elderly demographic is reshaping the travel industry by driving demand for senior-friendly tourism, wellness retreats, and accessible travel services. Community wellness programs and lifelong learning initiatives are also helping seniors stay active and engaged.

E. Policy Support and Path Forward

The government is playing a critical role in supporting the silver economy through policies likethe National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE) and the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act. Encouraging private sector investment in elder care startups and infrastructure can further create a sustainable ecosystem for aging with dignity. As India’s elderly population grows to 347 million by 2050, unlocking the potential of the silver economy through a well-structured policy framework and active private sector participation can contribute significantly to GDP growth and employment generation, while ensuring financial security and quality healthcare for the elderly.

II. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY): An Overview

The Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) represents a

transformative initiative aimed at providing universal health coverage to India's vulnerable

population. Launched in September 2018, PMJAY is a critical component of Ayushman Bharat, designed to offer financial protection for secondary and tertiary healthcare while promoting primary healthcare services through Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs), now known as Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs).

With a commitment to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.8—achieving universal health

coverage by 2030—PMJAY strives to reduce catastrophic health expenditures and enhance

healthcare access for over 12 crore poor and vulnerable families, covering nearly 55 crore

individuals. This chapter delves into its key features, objectives, challenges, and potential areas for improvement.

A. Key Features and Objectives

1. Comprehensive Health Coverage: PMJAY provides health insurance coverage of ₹5 lakh per family per year, covering hospitalization expenses in secondary and tertiary care settings. This coverage spans both public and private empaneled hospitals across India.

2. Cashless and Paperless Transactions: One of PMJAY's most crucial features is its cashless and paperless model, ensuring beneficiaries do not bear any financial burden at the point of care. Hospitals receive direct reimbursements, eliminating out-of-pocket expenses for patients.

3. Pre- and Post-Hospitalization Benefits: The scheme covers pre-hospitalization expenses for up to 3 days and post-hospitalization expenses for up to 15 days, including diagnostics, medications, and follow-up treatments, reducing overall healthcare costs for beneficiaries.

4. Targeted Beneficiary Identification: PMJAY identifies beneficiaries using data from the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) 2011, ensuring that benefits reach the most economically disadvantaged populations.

5. Integration with Health and Wellness Centers: While PMJAY focuses on hospitalization

coverage, it is complemented by Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs), which provide comprehensive primary healthcare services such as maternal and child health, non-

communicable disease management, palliative care, and mental health support. This integration aims to create a continuum of care and reduce the burden on tertiary healthcare facilities.

B. Current Limitations and Challenges

Despite its significant achievements, PMJAY faces several challenges that impact its long-term effectiveness and sustainability.

1. Coverage Gaps

• Exclusion of Primary Healthcare: While AB-HWCs provide primary healthcare services,

PMJAY does not fully integrate primary care into its framework. This can lead to delayed

diagnoses and higher hospitalization rates, increasing the overall healthcare burden.

• Eligibility Limitations: The reliance on SECC 2011 data may exclude some vulnerable

populations who were not covered in the census, leading to gaps in access.

2. Implementation Challenges

• Awareness and Outreach: Many eligible beneficiaries remain unaware of the scheme,

leading to underutilization of services. Targeted awareness campaigns, especially in rural and remote areas, are essential.

• Healthcare Infrastructure Constraints: A major concern is the availability and quality of

empaneled hospitals, particularly in rural and underserved regions. Many facilities lack

adequate infrastructure and medical personnel.

• Quality Assurance: Maintaining consistent quality of care across empaneled hospitals is a

challenge. Cases of fraud, improper treatment, and lack of transparency have been reported, necessitating stricter monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

3. Financial Sustainability Concerns

• Timely Reimbursements: Many empaneled hospitals face delays in reimbursements,

discouraging their continued participation in PMJAY and potentially affecting service quality.

• Rising Healthcare Costs: With an increasing beneficiary base and rising medical inflation,

ensuring adequate funding is a long-term challenge. The increased allocation in the Union

Budget 2025-26 (₹9,406 crore) is welcomed, but experts question whether it is sufficient to

cover the expanding beneficiary base effectively.

• Out-of-Pocket Expenses: Despite PMJAY coverage, some beneficiaries still incur out-of-

pocket expenses, particularly for uncovered treatments or due to gaps in reimbursement mechanisms.

III. The Case for Universalizing PMJAY for the Elderly

India is undergoing a significant demographic transition, with a growing elderly population that presents both challenges and opportunities. As life expectancy rises, the need for accessible and affordable healthcare for senior citizens becomes increasingly critical. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) has been a game-changer in expanding health coverage, yet many elderly individuals remain outside its ambit. Universalizing PMJAY for the elderly is not merely a social welfare initiative—it is a strategic economic policy that can reduce financial hardship, boost productivity, and stimulate economic growth through the "silver economy." This chapter makes a compelling case for extending PMJAY coverage to all senior citizens by examining its economic, social, and health implications.

A. Economic Rationale

1. Reducing Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Expenditure and Enhancing Household Finances

Elderly individuals are disproportionately affected by healthcare costs, with age-related ailments often requiring frequent and expensive medical interventions. Studies show that dependent older adults incur significantly higher OOP healthcare expenditures, particularly for chronic and long-term care needs. By universalizing PMJAY, India can alleviate this financial burden, improving household stability and reducing the risk of impoverishment due to medical expenses. The freed-up household resources can be redirected toward nutrition, education, and savings, contributing to long-term economic resilience.

2. Enhancing Productivity and Labour Participation

Good health is essential for maintaining productivity, even in later life. Improved healthcare access allows elderly individuals to remain active in the workforce, particularly in the informal sector, family businesses, and entrepreneurial ventures. Furthermore, reducing caregiving burdens on working-age family members enables them to re-enter or remain in the workforce, thus enhancing overall labour participation and economic productivity.

3. Capitalizing on the "Longevity Dividend"

NITI Aayog’s position paper highlights the "longevity dividend," emphasizing the economic and social benefits of an aging yet healthy population. By investing in senior citizens’ health, India can harness their potential contributions—whether through formal employment, informal caregiving, or community engagement—ensuring that the elderly remain an asset rather than a liability to society.

4. Boosting the "Silver Economy"

Universalizing PMJAY will spur demand in "Silver Economy" sectors such as healthcare and geriatric services, medical devices and assistive technologies, insurance and financial services, Elderly-Friendly housing and infrastructure, etc, driving economic activity, job creation, and investment in elderly-focused industries. This, in turn, can foster innovation and growth, benefiting not only senior citizens but the broader economy.

B. Social and Health Benefits

Universalizing PMJAY will improve healthcare access for vulnerable elderly populations, reduce disparities across income and geography, and promote social inclusion. It will also provide a vital safety net for seniors, addressing the challenges posed by changing family structures and declining caregiving support.

C. Macroeconomic Effects

1. Impact on GDP Growth Through Increased Consumption and Productivity

Healthcare access for the elderly contributes to overall economic growth by enhancing their

consumption capacity. A healthier elderly population can actively participate in the economy, while reduced caregiving burdens allow working-age populations to focus on productive employment. These factors collectively stimulate economic activity, demand for goods and services, and GDP growth.

2. Potential for Job Creation in Healthcare and Related Industries

Expanding PMJAY coverage necessitates investments in healthcare infrastructure, workforce development, and elder care services. This can create employment opportunities across various sectors, from medical professionals to support staff, as well as industries such as pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, and home healthcare services.

3. Long-Term Fiscal Implications and Sustainability Considerations

While universalizing PMJAY for the elderly entails significant public investment, the long-term fiscal benefits outweigh the costs. Improved health outcomes can reduce the burden of chronic diseases, lowering government and household expenditures on emergency and long-term care. However, ensuring financial sustainability will require strategic measures, such as optimizing reimbursement rates for healthcare providers and streamlining claim settlement processes.

D. Microeconomic Effects

1. Financial Security for Elderly Individuals and Their Families

Healthcare costs pose a major financial risk for elderly individuals and their families, often leading to catastrophic expenditures. Universal coverage under PMJAY would provide financial security, preventing medical expenses from becoming an overwhelming burden.

2. Increased Savings and Investment

Reduced healthcare costs allow households to allocate resources toward savings and

investments. Increased disposable income at the micro level translates into greater economic stability and capital availability for productive activities, thereby fostering economic growth.

3. Improved Quality of Life and Well-Being

Universal healthcare access enables elderly individuals to lead healthier, more fulfilling lives. Comprehensive coverage under PMJAY ensures timely medical interventions, improved management of chronic conditions, and overall well-being, allowing senior citizens to live with dignity and independence.

Universalizing PMJAY for India’s elderly is both a moral imperative and an economic opportunity. By reducing financial hardship, improving health outcomes, and stimulating economic growth through the "silver economy," the initiative has the potential to transform elderly care in the country. However, successful implementation will require targeted policy interventions, infrastructure expansion, and financial sustainability planning. Investing in the health and well-being of the elderly is an investment in India’s future—one that ensures dignity, economic stability, and social inclusion for all senior citizens.

IV. Implementation Strategies and Recommendations

The successful universalization of PMJAY for the elderly hinges on strategic implementation and continuous improvement. This chapter outlines comprehensive strategies and recommendations to strengthen healthcare infrastructure, enhance PMJAY implementation, inform policy, and leverage best practices to ensure the scheme's effectiveness and sustainability.

A. Enhancing PMJAY Implementation

To ensure that PMJAY effectively reaches and benefits the elderly population, it is crucial to

enhance its implementation through targeted strategies.

1. Increasing Awareness and Outreach, Especially in Rural Areas

Many eligible elderly individuals, particularly in rural areas, are unaware of PMJAY and its

benefits. Effective strategies should include:

• Conducting targeted awareness campaigns using local languages and culturally sensitive

communication materials.

• Training Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Anganwadi workers to educate

communities about PMJAY benefits.

• Leveraging community health workers, ASHA workers, and Anganwadi workers to disseminate information about PMJAY.

• Community engagement through local events, radio broadcasts, and digital campaigns to

further enhance awareness.

• Organizing regular outreach camps and workshops in rural areas to register beneficiaries and provide information about the scheme.

2. Streamlining Reimbursement Processes and Ensuring Timely Payments

Delayed reimbursements discourage hospitals from participating in PMJAY and compromise service quality. To address this:

• Simplifying and automating the reimbursement process to reduce delays.

• Implementing a technology-driven claims settlement system for faster processing.

• Transparent monitoring mechanisms to ensure timely payments, boosting provider confidence in the scheme.

• Establishing a grievance redressal mechanism for hospitals to address reimbursement-related issues.

3. Leveraging Technology to Improve Access and Efficiency

Technology can revolutionize healthcare delivery under PMJAY:

• Expanding the use of telemedicine to provide remote consultations and follow-up care,

particularly in rural areas.

• Implementing digital health records to improve data management and facilitate seamless

information sharing among healthcare providers.

• Developing mobile applications and online platforms to provide information about PMJAY,

register beneficiaries, and track healthcare services.

B. Strengthening Healthcare Infrastructure

A robust healthcare infrastructure is fundamental to the successful expansion of PMJAY. Targeted investments are needed to ensure that the healthcare system can meet the increased demand for services.

1. Investing in Primary Healthcare Facilities and Preventive Care

Strengthening primary healthcare is critical to addressing India’s growing health challenges, particularly the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which account for 66% of total deaths in the country. Investments should focus on:

• Expanding Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) under Ayushman Bharat to ensure

comprehensive primary care.

• Deploying mobile clinics and training local healthcare workers to improve access in

underserved rural areas.

• Promoting preventive care through awareness campaigns, regular screenings, and lifestyle modification programs to reduce long-term healthcare costs.

• Upgrading existing primary healthcare centers and establishing new ones, particularly in

underserved rural areas.

• Training and deploying community health workers and geriatric specialists to provide

comprehensive primary care.

• Implementing regular health check-up camps and awareness programs focused on preventive care for the elderly.

• Ensuring the availability of essential medicines and diagnostic services at primary healthcare facilities.

2. Expanding Hospital Capacity and Improving Quality Standards

India faces a significant shortage of hospital beds and skilled professionals, especially in rural areas. To address this:

• Increasing the number of empaneled hospitals, especially in areas with limited access.

• Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can be leveraged to expand hospital capacity and upgrade existing infrastructure.

• Investing in infrastructure development, including the addition of beds, diagnostic equipment, and specialized units for geriatric care.

• Implementing accreditation systems for quality assurance to ensure that hospitals meet

essential standards for patient care.

• Reducing GST on medical equipment and consumables to encourage hospitals to adopt

advanced technologies, improving service delivery.

• Providing training and capacity-building programs for healthcare professionals in geriatric care.

C. Policy Recommendations

To maximize the impact of PMJAY for the elderly, it is essential to integrate it with other social welfare programs and adopt sustainable financing models.

1. Integrating PMJAY with Other Social Welfare Programs

Coordinating PMJAY with schemes like the Atal Vayo Abhyudaya Yojana (AVYAY) can create a

comprehensive safety net for vulnerable populations, particularly the elderly. This integration would allow for better resource utilization and holistic support. Strategies should include:

• Establishing a single-window system to streamline access to multiple social welfare programs.

• Developing referral mechanisms to connect elderly individuals with relevant social support services.

• Implementing joint monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to assess the impact of integrated programs.

2. Exploring Sustainable Financing Models

With India’s public health expenditure at just 1.5% of GDP—far below the global average of 6%—sustainable financing is crucial. Potential solutions include:

• Increasing public spending on healthcare and exploring options for revenue mobilization.

• Introducing a healthcare cess or endowment fund to finance universal healthcare sustainably.

• Encouraging private sector contributions through tax incentives or CSR initiatives.

• Leveraging public-private partnerships to expand healthcare infrastructure and services.

• Implementing cost-containment measures and improving efficiency in healthcare delivery.

3. Emphasizing Social Audits and Monitoring Mechanisms

Transparency and accountability are essential for the effective implementation of PMJAY.

Strategies should include:

• Institutionalizing social audits to improve transparency and accountability in PMJAY

implementation.

• Conducting regular social audits to assess the impact of PMJAY and identify areas for

improvement.

• Establishing independent monitoring mechanisms to track the performance of empaneled hospitals and ensure quality of care.

• Implementing robust grievance redressal mechanisms to address complaints and feedback from beneficiaries.

D. Learning from Best Practices

Adopting best practices from other countries and innovative models can enhance the

effectiveness of PMJAY for the elderly.

1. Thailand’s Focus on Primary Care

Thailand has achieved remarkable success in universal health coverage by prioritizing primary healthcare as the cornerstone of its system. Key lessons include:

• Decentralized planning and management to empower local health centers.

• Substantial investments in rural health infrastructure using cost-effective standard designs.

• Community involvement in health programs, which fosters trust and utilization of services.

2. Innovative Models like the "Time Bank" in Madhya Pradesh

The "Time Bank" initiative allows individuals to earn credits by assisting elderly citizens, which they can later redeem for similar services when needed. This model promotes community-driven elderly care while reducing dependence on formal institutions.

Implementing these strategies will require a multi-pronged approach that addresses infrastructure gaps, improves operational efficiency, integrates welfare programs, ensures sustainable financing, and draws inspiration from global best practices like Thailand's primary care model. By focusing on strengthening primary healthcare, leveraging technology, fostering public-private partnerships, and institutionalizing transparency mechanisms such as social audits, India can make meaningful strides toward achieving equitable and sustainable universal health coverage under PMJAY.

V. Seizing the Opportunity to Secure India’s Future

India stands at a pivotal juncture where its demographic transition offers both challenges and opportunities. As the elderly population surges to 347 million by 2050, the nation must adopt a proactive, future-ready approach to address the growing healthcare needs of its senior citizens. Universalizing the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) for the elderly is not merely a welfare measure—it is an investment in India’s economic resilience, social stability, and moral responsibility.

By ensuring financial security, reducing healthcare inequities, and strengthening the "silver

economy," India can transform aging from a looming crisis into a catalyst for growth. Expanding healthcare access for senior citizens will not only alleviate the financial burden on families but also enhance workforce productivity, create new job opportunities, and stimulate industries catering to elderly care.

However, this ambitious vision can only be realized through a well-calibrated strategy that

integrates PMJAY with existing welfare programs, strengthens healthcare infrastructure, and leverages technological advancements. Embracing best practices from global models, fostering public-private partnerships, and ensuring financial sustainability will be key to making this transformation a reality.

India’s senior citizens have built the foundation upon which the nation stands today. It is now time for India to return the favour—by safeguarding their health, dignity, and economic security. Investing in the well-being of our elderly is not just a policy imperative; it is a commitment to ensuring that India’s future is one where no citizen, regardless of age, is left behind.

Meet The Thought Leader

Ms. Laboni Singh is a mentor at GGI and is currently working at The Bridgespan Group as an Associate Consultant. She takes a keen interest in socioeconomic development issues, public policy, and equity across different vectors of gender, caste, class, and ability, which in turn fueled her transition from working at a global bank to the social sector. She is an Urban Fellow from the Indian Institute for Human Settlements, Bangalore and has a bachelor's degree in Economics from St. Stephen's College, University of Delhi.

Meet The Authors (GGI Fellows)

Achint is a policy advocacy professional at the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), where she has contributed to improving the ease of doing business, promoting industrial growth, and supporting sustainable development across Northern India. Her work has focused on policy research, stakeholder engagement, and driving impactful reforms. Before joining CII, Achint served in the wealth management vertical at ICICI Bank, where she specialized in financial advisory and client relationship management. Achint is now set to join Indian School of Business for their flagship Post Graduate Programme in Management to further develop her strategic and leadership skills.

If you are interested in applying to GGI's Impact Fellowship program, you can access our application link here.